Ngaba uyayazi imbali yophuhliso lweNkampani ye-Dongfeng?

"I-China inkulu kakhulu, akwanelanga ukuba ne-FAW yodwa, ngoko ke umzi-mveliso wesibini weemoto kufuneka wakhiwe."Ekupheleni kowe-1952, emva kokuba zonke iiplani zokwakha zomzi-mveliso wokuqala weemoto zimisiwe, uSihlalo uMao Zedong wanika imiyalelo yokwakha umzi-mveliso wesibini weemoto.Kunyaka olandelayo, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wokuqala woShishino loShishino waqalisa umsebenzi wokulungiselela weNo.2 yeNkampani yeemoto, yaza yaseka iofisi yokulungiselela yeNo.2 yeFactory yeeMoto eWuhan.

Emva kokuphulaphula izimvo zeengcali zaseSoviet, isiza sakhethwa kummandla waseWuchang saza sanikela ingxelo kwiKomiti Yokwakha kaRhulumente nakwiSebe Lokuqala Loshishino Loomatshini ukuze bamkelwe.Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuba iskimu sichazwe kwiSebe lezoMatshini loku-1, labangela impikiswano enkulu.IKomiti yoKwakha kaRhulumente, iSebe le-No.1 loMatshini kunye ne-Automobile Bureau bonke bacinga ukuba kunenzuzo kakhulu ukwakha i-No.2 ye-Automobile e-Wuhan kwimbono yokwakhiwa kwezoqoqosho.Nangona kunjalo, i-Wuhan ikumgama oziikhilomitha ezingama-800 kuphela ukusuka elunxwemeni kwaye ikwithafa apho iifektri zigxile khona, ngoko kulula ukuhlaselwa lutshaba emva kokuqhambuka kwemfazwe.Emva kokuphonononga ngokupheleleyo imeko-bume enkulu yelizwe lethu ngelo xesha, iSebe leMishini elinguNombolo 1 lade lasikhaba isindululo sokwakha umzi-mveliso eWuchang.

Nangona isiphakamiso sokuqala sakhatywayo, icebo lokwakha umzi-mveliso wesibini weemoto alizange liphazamiseke.NgoJulayi, i-1955, emva kwengxabano ethile, abaphathi abaphezulu bagqiba ekubeni basuse indawo ye-No.2 Automobile ukusuka eWuchang ukuya e-Baohechang kwi-suburb esempuma ye-Chengdu, eSichuan.Ngeli xesha, iinkokeli eziphezulu zazizimisele kakhulu ukwakha i-No.2 ye-Automobile, yaze yakha indawo yokulala ephantse ibe ngama-20,000 eemitha zesikwere kwihlomela-dolophu laseChengdu kwangethuba.

Ekugqibeleni, esi sicwangciso asizange sibe yinyani njengoko bekucwangcisiwe.Ngokujonga ingxabano yangaphakathi malunga nobukhulu besiza se-No.2 ye-Automobile, kunye neeprojekthi zeziseko ezingundoqo ezigqithisileyo e-China ngexesha leSicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu yokuQala, isicwangciso sokwakha umzi-mveliso we-No.2 Automobile sanqunyanyiswa okwexeshana ekuqaleni. Ngowe-1957 phantsi kweempembelelo zendlela "yokuchasana nobudlova".Ngeli xesha, ngaphezu kwewaka leetalente zeemoto ezazisele zileqe eSichuan nazo zatshintshelwa kwiSebe lezeMoto elinguNo.1, iNo.1 yeFactory yeemoto kunye namanye amashishini ukuba asebenze.

Kungekudala emva kokuba iprojekthi yesibini yemoto iphumelele okwethutyana, i-China yaphinda yavula ithuba elihle lokuxhasa ukusungulwa kwemoto yesibini.Ngelo xesha, amavolontiya aseTshayina angena e-DPRK abuyela e-China ngamanani amaninzi, kwaye urhulumente wayejongene nengxaki enzima yendlela yokubuyisela amajoni.Usihlalo uMao ucebise ukuba atshintshe icandelo kumavolontiya abuyileyo kwaye aleqe eJiangnan ukuze alungiselele umzi-mveliso wesibini weemoto.

Kwakuba kuthethiwe oku, kwaphinda kwaqaliswa ukwakhiwa komzi-mveliso wesibini weemoto.Ngesi sihlandlo, uLi Fuchun, owayengusekela-nkulumbuso ngelo xesha, wathi: “Akukho mzi-mveliso mkhulu eHunan kwintlambo yoMlambo iYangtze, ngoko umzi-mveliso wesibini weemoto uza kwakhiwa eHunan!”Ekupheleni kwe-1958, emva kokufumana imiyalelo yeSekela-Nkulumbuso, i-Automobile Bureau yeSebe lokuQala loMatshini baququzelele imikhosi yokwenza umsebenzi wokukhetha indawo e-Hunan.

NgoFebruwari, 1960, emva kokhetho lokuqala lwesiza, i-Automobile Bureau yangenisa ingxelo malunga nemiba ethile malunga nolwakhiwo lwe-No.2 Automobile Factory kwi-No.1 Automobile Factory.Ngo-Epreli waloo nyaka, i-Automobile Factory enguNombolo 1 yasivuma esi sicwangciso yaza yaseka iklasi yoqeqesho loomakhakhani labantu abangama-800.Ukubona ukuba i-Second Automobile Factory iya kuphuka kakuhle ngenkxaso yawo onke amaqela, "ixesha elinzima leminyaka emithathu" ukususela ngo-1959 liphinde lacinezela iqhosha lokumisa ukuqalisa kweProjekthi yeSibini yeeMoto.Njengoko ilizwe lalikwixesha elinzima kakhulu lezoqoqosho ngelo xesha, ikomkhulu lokuqalisa leProjekthi yeeMoto zeSibini liye lalibaziseka, kwaye le projekthi yemizi-mveliso yeemoto iye yaphinda yehla kwakhona.

Ukunyanzelwa ukuba behle kabini ngokwenene kwenza abantu abaninzi bazive belusizi yaye bedanile, kodwa urhulumente oyintloko akazange ayincame ingcamango yokwakha umzi-mveliso wesibini weemoto.Ngomnyaka we-1964, uMao Zedong ucebise ukuba anike ingqwalasela enkulu kulwakhiwo lomgca wesithathu, kwaye wabeka phambili ingcamango yokwakha umzi-mveliso wesibini weemoto okwesithathu.Umzi-mveliso we-injini we-No.1 waphendula ngokuncomekayo, kwaye ukukhethwa kwendawo ye-No.2 yemizi-mveliso yeemoto kwenziwa kwakhona.

Emva koluhlu lophando, amaqela aliqela okulungiselela agqibe kwelokuba akhethe indawo ekufutshane neChenxi, iLuxi kunye neSongxi kwintshona yeHunan, ngoko ke yajikeleza imijelo emithathu, yabizwa ngokuba yi "Sanxi Scheme".Emva koko, iqela lamalungiselelo lanikela ingxelo ngecebo leSanxi kwiinkokeli, yaye lamkelwa.Ukukhethwa kwendawo yeNo.2 Steam Turbine yathatha inyathelo elikhulu ukuya phambili.

Kanye njengoko ukukhethwa kwendawo kwakugcwele ngokupheleleyo, urhulumente ophakathi wathumela imiyalelo ephezulu, kwaye wabeka phambili umgaqo-nkqubo weempawu ezintandathu "ukuxhomekeka entabeni, ukusabalalisa kunye nokufihla", efuna ukuba indawo ibe kufuphi neentaba ngokusemandleni. , kunye nezixhobo eziphambili zokungena emngxunyeni.Enyanisweni, kule miyalelo, akunzima ukubona ukuba ngelo xesha, urhulumente wethu ugxininise kwimfazwe ekukhethweni kwendawo yeNo.2 Automobile Company.Ukusuka koku, sinokwazi kwakhona ukuba imeko-bume yehlabathi ye-New China, esandul' ukusekwa iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi, ayinaxolo.

Emva koko, u-Chen Zutao, ingcali yeemoto eyayingumlawuli kunye nenjineli eyintloko ye-Changchun Automobile Factory, yakhawuleza ukuya kwindawo yokukhetha.Emva kophando oluninzi kunye nomsebenzi wokulinganisa, uninzi lwamalungu eqela lamalungiselelo amisela ngokusisiseko iskimu sokukhetha indawo ngo-Okthobha 1964 kwaye abuya ngokweebhetshi.Nangona kunjalo, emva nje kokuba iskimu sokhetho lwesiza sithunyelwe kumphathi, inkqubo yokukhetha indawo yeNo.2 yeNkampani yeemoto yatshintsha ngokungalindelekanga.

Ngokweenkcukacha-manani ezirhabaxa, ngexesha lokukhetha indawo yeenyanga ezili-15 ukusuka ngo-Okthobha, 1964 ukuya kuJanuwari, 1966, abantu abaninzi bathathe inxaxheba ekukhetheni indawo yeNo. iikhilomitha ngemoto, kunye nokurekhoda ngaphezu 12,000 data.Amalungu amaninzi eqela lamalungiselelo ade agoduka ukuya kuphumla kanye ngexesha lokuhlolwa kweenyanga ezili-10.Ngovavanyo olucwangcisiweyo nolupheleleyo lwemeko yokwenyani kwiindawo ezininzi, ekugqibeleni kwafunyaniswa ukuba indawo yoMlambo iShiyan-Jiangjun yayiyeyona ifanelekileyo yokwakha iifektri, kwaye inkqubo yokukhetha indawo yangeniswa ekuqaleni kowe-1966. Kufuneka kuthiwe oko Umoya wesizukulwana esidala se-autobots e-China abasebenza nzima kwaye ababoyiki ubunzima ngokwenene kufanelekile ukufunda kwii-automakers zasekhaya zangoku.

Nangona kunjalo, ngeli nqanaba, ukukhethwa kwendawo ye-No.2 Automobile Company kwakungekagqitywa.Ukusukela ngoko, urhulumente ophakathi uye wathumela amagcisa amaninzi avela kwihlabathi liphela ukuba ancedise kwaye aphucule indawo yokukhethwa kweNombolo yesi-2 yeemoto.Kwada kwaba ngo-Oktobha 1966 apho isicwangciso seNo.2 Automobile Company sokwakha umzi-mveliso eShiyan saqukunjelwa ngokusisiseko.

Kodwa akuzange kuthathe xesha lide ukuba iNkampani yesiBini yeemoto ingene engxakini kwakhona.Ngowe-1966, kwaqhambuka iMvukelo yeNkcubeko eTshayina.Ngelo xesha, abaninzi abaLindi abaBomvu baququzelela ukuba babhalele uLi Fuchun, iSekela-Nkulumbuso yeBhunga, amaxesha amaninzi, bexoxa ukuba kukho iingxaki ezininzi ezisisiseko ekusekweni kweNkampani yesiBini yeemoto eShiyan.Ngenxa yoko, icebo lokwakha umzi-mveliso wesibini weemoto lamiswa kwakhona.

Ngo-Apreli, i-1967 kunye noJulayi, i-1968, iinkokeli eziphambili ze-Engine Factory ze-Engine zaya kwindawo yokukhetha i-No.Ekugqibeleni, emva kwengxoxo kwintlanganiso, kwacatshangelwa ukuba isigqibo sokwakha i-No.2 Steam Turbine eShiyan sasichanekile, kodwa kuphela iinkcukacha ezithile ezifunekayo ukulungiswa.Ngoko ke, i-Engine Factory enguNombolo 1 yaqulunqa umthetho-siseko “wokungashukumi okusisiseko kunye nohlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo”, yaze yenza uhlengahlengiso olungaphelelanga kwindawo yeNo.2 Steam Turbine site.Emva kweminyaka eli-16 “amaxesha amabini nakathathu”

Ukususela ekusekweni kwefektri e-Shiyan kwi-1965, i-No.2 Automobile Company iqalile ukuphuhliswa nokuveliswa kweemodeli zayo kwi-factory elula yesikhashana.Ekuqaleni kwe-1965, iSebe lokuQala loMatshini libambe umgaqo-nkqubo wobugcisa kunye nentlanganiso yokucwangcisa ishishini leemoto e-Changchun, kwaye lagqiba ekubeni libeke i-Changchun Automobile Research Institute phantsi kobunkokheli be-No.2 Automobile Company.Kwangaxeshanye, yangenisa iimodeli zeWanguo kunye neDodge brand ukuze ibhekiselele, kwaye yaphuhlisa isithuthi sokuqala somkhosi ngaphandle kwendlela yeNo.2 Automobile Company ngokubhekiselele kwilori yeJiefang eveliswe ngelo xesha.

Ngomhla we-1 ku-Apreli, i-1967, iNkampani ye-Automobile ye-No.2, engazange iqalise ngokusemthethweni ukwakhiwa, yabamba umsitho ongokomfanekiso oqingqiweyo eLugouzi, eShiyan, kwiPhondo laseHubei.Njengoko iMvukelo yeNkcubeko yayisele ifikile ngelo xesha, umphathi-mkhosi waseYunyang Military Region wakhokelela amajoni kwisikhululo samalungiselelo okuthintela iingozi.Akuzange kube yiminyaka emibini emva kwalo msitho ubalulekileyo apho iNkampani yeemoto iNo.2 yaqala ngokwenene ukwakha.

Ngenxa yomyalelo worhulumente omkhulu wokuba "umkhosi kufuneka ubekwe phambili, kwaye umkhosi kufuneka ubekwe phambi kwabantu", i-Second Automobile Company yagqiba ekubeni ivelise i-2.0-toni yemoto yomkhosi ngaphandle kwendlela kunye ne-3.5. -toni ilori ngo-1967. Emva kokuba imodeli imisiwe, iNkampani ye-Automobile ye-No.2 ayikwazi ukuza neqela le-R & D lemveliso efanelekileyo.Xa ijongene nokunqongophala okugqithisileyo kweetalente, iKomiti ePhakathi yeCPC yabiza abanye abavelisi beemoto basekhaya ukuba basebenzise iitalente eziphambili ukunceda iNo.2 Automobile Company ijongane neengxaki eziphambili zemveliso.

Ngo-1969, emva kokujijwa kaninzi, i-No.2 Automobile Factory yaqala ukwakha ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, kwaye i-100,000 yamajoni okwakha ahlanganisana ngokulandelelana eShiyan ukusuka macala onke elizwe.Ngokwezibalo, ekupheleni kwe-1969, bekukho i-1,273 cadres, iinjineli kunye nabasebenzi bezobuchwephesha abaye bazinikela ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kunye nokuxhasa ulwakhiwo lweNo.2 Automobile Factory, kuquka iZhi Deyu, iMeng Shaonong kunye nenani elikhulu leemoto zasekhaya eziphezulu zobugcisa. iingcali.Aba bantu baphantse bamele elona nqanaba liphezulu leshishini leemoto laseTshayina ngelo xesha, kwaye iqela labo laba ngumqolo weNkampani yeeMoto zeSibini.

Kwakungekho de kwangowe-1969 apho iNkampani yesiBini yeemoto yaqalisa ngokusesikweni imveliso nolwakhiwo olukhulu.Ibhetshi yokuqala yophando kunye nemodeli yophuhliso yayiyi-2.0-toni yeenqwelo zomkhosi ezingekho endleleni, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-20Y.Ekuqaleni, injongo yokuvelisa esi sithuthi yayikukurhuqa iimbumbulu.Emva kokuba iprototype ivelisiwe, iNkampani yesiBini yeemoto yaphuhlisa inani leemodeli eziphuma kulo mzekelo.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuphuculwa kokulungela ukulwa kunye nokunyuka kobunzima bokutsala, umkhosi wafuna ukuba i-tonnage yale moto iphakanyiswe kwiitoni ezi-2.5.Le modeli ebizwa ngokuba yi-20Y ayizange ifakwe kwimveliso yobuninzi, kwaye iNkampani yeeMoto zeSibini nayo yajika ukuphuhlisa le moto entsha ebizwa ngokuba yi-25Y.

Emva kokuba imodeli yemoto inqunywe kwaye iqela lemveliso ligqityiwe, iingxaki ezintsha ziphinde zajongana neNo.2 Automobile Company.Ngelo xesha, isiseko semizi-mveliso saseChina sasibuthathaka kakhulu, kwaye izixhobo zemveliso zeNo.2 Automobile Company ezintabeni zazinqongophele kakhulu.Ngelo xesha, singasathethi ke ngezixhobo zokuvelisa ezikhulu, kwanezakhiwo zomzi-mveliso yayiziishedi zengcongolo zokwexeshana, ezinelinoliyam njengesilingi, iimethi zeengcongolo njengezahlulo neengcango, yaye ngaloo ndlela kwakhiwa “isakhiwo somzi-mveliso”.Olu hlobo lweshedi yeengcongolo alukwazi nje ukumelana nehlobo elitshisayo nokubanda, kodwa nkqu nekhusi emoyeni nasemvuleni.

Ngaphezu koko, izixhobo ezazisetyenziswa ngabasebenzi beNkampani yeemoto zeNo.2 ngelo xesha zazilinganiselwe kwizixhobo eziphambili ezifana neehamile neehamile.Ukuxhomekeka kwinkxaso yobugcisa be-Factory ye-Automobile ye-No.1 kunye nokubhekisela kwiiparitha zobugcisa ze-Jiefang Truck, i-Second Automobile Company ihlanganise i-2.5-ton 25Y isithuthi somkhosi esingekho endleleni kwiinyanga ezimbalwa.Ngeli xesha, ukumila kwesithuthi kutshintshe kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nangaphambili.

Ukusukela ngoko, isithuthi somkhosi esine-2.5-toni esingekho endleleni esiveliswe yiNkampani yesiBini yeemoto iye yabizwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuba yi-EQ240.Ngomhla woku-1 ku-Okthobha, ngo-1970, iNkampani yeeMoto zeNombolo yesi-2 yathumela ibhetshi yokuqala yeemodeli ze-EQ240 ezidityaniswe kunye e-Wuhan ukuba zithathe inxaxheba kumngcelele wesikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-21 yokusekwa kweRiphabhlikhi yabantu baseTshayina.Ngeli xesha, abantu beNo.2 Automobile Company abavelise le moto bebenexhala lozinzo lwale modeli ye patchwork.Umzi-mveliso ude wathumela abasebenzi abangaphezu kwama-200 bemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ukuba baye ku-squat emva kwe-rostrum kwindawo ye-parade kunye nezixhobo zokulungisa iiyure ezininzi, ukuze kulungiswe i-EQ240 ngeengxaki nangaliphi na ixesha.Kwakungekho de i-EQ240 iphumelele ngempumelelo i-rostrum ukuba intliziyo ejingayo yeNkampani yesiBini yeeMoto ibekwe phantsi.

La mabali ahlekisayo awabukeki ezukile namhlanje, kodwa kubantu ngelo xesha, ayimbonakaliso yokwenyani yomsebenzi onzima weSecond Automobile Factory kwimihla yayo yokuqala.NgoJuni 10, 1971, umgca wokuqala wokudityaniswa kweemoto weNo.2 Automobile Company waqukunjelwa, kwaye inkampani yeemoto yesibini enomgca wokudityaniswa okupheleleyo ibonakala isamkela intwasahlobo.Ngomhla we-1 kaJulayi, umgca wendibano wachithwa kwaye wavavanywa ngempumelelo.Ukusukela ngoko, inkampani yesibini yeemoto iyiphelisile imbali yeemoto ezenziwe ngesandla eLuxipeng.

Ukususela ngoko, ukuze utshintshe umfanekiso we-EQ240 ezingqondweni zabantu, iqela lobugcisa elikhokelwa nguChen Zutao liqalise ukuguqulwa kwe-EQ240 emva kokugqitywa komgca wendibano.Emva kophuculo oluninzi kwinkomfa yokujongana neengxaki eziphambili, ukugunyaziswa kunye nokulungiswa komgangatho wobunjineli, iNkampani yesiBini yeemoto isombulule iingxaki ze-104 eziphambili ze-EQ240 kwisithuba esingaphezu konyaka omnye, ezibandakanya iinxalenye ezingaphezu kwe-900 ezilungisiweyo.

Ukususela ngo-1967 ukuya ku-1975, emva kweminyaka esibhozo yophando kunye nophuhliso, imveliso kunye nokuphuculwa, i-EQ240, isithuthi sokuqala somkhosi ngaphandle kwendlela yeSityalo seSibini sokuVelisa iiMoto, sagqitywa kwaye safakwa kwimveliso eninzi.Inqwelo yomkhosi engekho endleleni egama lingu-EQ240 ibhekisa kwilori yenkululeko ngelo xesha, kwaye igrille ethe nkqo ngaphambili ihambelana noyilo lwelori yeloli yelo xesha, eyenza le moto ibonakale yomelele.

Ngelo xesha, iNkampani ye-Automobile yeNo.2 yachaza kwiBhunga leSizwe ukuba igama leemveliso zalo liya kuba "i-Dongfeng", eyavunywa liBhunga likaRhulumente.Ukusukela ngoko, imoto yesibini kunye ne-Dongfeng ibe ngamagama adityanisiweyo.

Ekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1970, iTshayina neUnited States ngokuthe ngcembe zabuphucula ubudlelwane bezozakuzo, kodwa indawo eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union, umzalwana omkhulu, yayiwujongile umda weTshayina.Ngenkxaso yelizwe elalisakuba yiSoviet Union, iVietnam yayisoloko icaphukisa umda waseTshayina-Vietnam, ihlala ibulala kwaye isonzakalisa abantu bemida yethu kunye nabalindi bemida, kwaye ihlasela ummandla waseTshayina.Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezinjalo, i-China yaqalisa ukulwa nokuzikhusela eVietnam ekupheleni kwe-1978. Ngeli xesha, i-EQ240, eyayisandul 'ukusekwa, yahamba nayo kwaye yaya kumgca wangaphambili wovavanyo olunzima kakhulu.

Ukusukela kwi-EQ240 yokuqala eyakhiwe eLuxipeng ukuya ekugqityweni ngempumelelo kohlaselo oluchasene neVietnam, umzi-mveliso wesibini wemoto nawo ufumene umtsi kumthamo wemveliso.Ngomnyaka we-1978, umgca wendibano weNo.2 yeNkampani yeeNkampani yenze umthamo wokuvelisa iiyunithi ezingama-5,000 ngonyaka.Nangona kunjalo, amandla okuvelisa akhuphuka, kodwa inzuzo yeNo.2 yeNkampani yeemoto yawa.Esona sizathu siphambili sale meko kukuba iNkampani ye-Automobile yeNo.2 isoloko ivelisa izithuthi zomkhosi ezingekho endleleni kunye neelori ezikhonza umkhosi.Ekupheleni kwemfazwe, aba bafana abanomthamo omkhulu kunye neendleko eziphezulu abanayo indawo yokusebenzisa, kwaye i-No.2 Automobile Company iye yawela kwingxaki yokulahlekelwa.

Enyanisweni, ngaphambi kokuba ukuhlaselwa kweVietnam kuqale, imboni yemoto yasekhaya, kuquka i-No.2 Automobile Company, yabona kwangaphambili le meko.Ke ngoko, kwangoko ngo-1977, i-FAW yadlulisela itekhnoloji yelori yayo yeetoni ezi-5 i-CA10 kwi-No.2 Automobile Company simahla, ukuze iNkampani ye-Automobile yeNo.

Ngelo xesha, i-FAW yakha ilori ebizwa ngokuba yi-CA140, eyayijoliswe ekubeni ibe yindawo ye-CA10.Ngeli xesha, i-FAW idlulisele ngesisa le lori kwi-No.2 Automobile Company kuphando lwabo kunye nemveliso.Ngokwethiyori, i-CA140 ngumanduleli we-EQ140.

Ayisiyiyo itekhnoloji kuphela, kodwa kunye nomqolo wemodeli ye-CA10 ephuhliswe yi-FAW, inceda iNkampani yeeMoto zeSibini ukuphuhlisa le lori yabemi.Ngenxa yokuba la magcisa anamava atyebileyo, inkqubo yophando kunye nophuhliso lwale lori igudileyo kakhulu.Ngelo xesha, iisampulu zelori ezininzi eziziitoni ezi-5 ehlabathini zahlalutywa zaza zathelekiswa.Emva kwemijikelo emihlanu yovavanyo oluqatha, iqela le-R&D lasombulula phantse iingxaki ezili-100, ezinkulu nezincinci.Le lori yabemi ebizwa ngokuba yi-EQ140 yafakwa ngokukhawuleza kwimveliso yobuninzi phantsi kwenkuthazo esebenzayo yolawulo oluphezulu.

Ukubaluleka kwale EQ140 ilori yoluntu kwiNkampani yeeMoto zeSibini ingaphezulu kakhulu kunoko.Ngo-1978, umsebenzi wemveliso owawunikwe ngurhulumente kwiNombolo yesi-2 yeeNkampani yayikukuvelisa iimoto zabantu abangama-2,000, ngexabiso lebhayisekile le-yuan engama-27,000.Kwakungekho njongo yeenqwelo zomkhosi, kwaye urhulumente wayecwangcise ukulahlekelwa yi-yuan yezigidi ezingama-32, xa kuthelekiswa nethagethi yangaphambili ye-50 yezigidi zeeyuan.Ngelo xesha, iNkampani yeemoto enguNombolo 2 yayiseyeyona ndlu inkulu yenza ilahleko kwiPhondo laseHubei.Ukuguqula ilahleko ibe yingeniso, eyona nto yayiphambili kukuncitshiswa kweendleko, kwaye kwafuneka kuveliswe iimoto zabantu abangama-5 000, nto leyo eyanciphisa iindleko ukusuka kwiiyuan ezingama-27 000 ukuya kwiiyuan ezingama-23,000.Ngelo xesha, iNkampani yesiBini yeemoto yabeka phambili isilogeni "sokuqinisekisa umgangatho, ukuzama ukuvelisa ngokugqithisileyo kunye nokujija ilahleko".Ngokumalunga nesi sigqibo, kucetywayo kwakhona "ukulwela ukuphuculwa komgangatho wemveliso", "ukulwela ukwakhiwa kwesakhono sokuvelisa iitoni ezi-5", "ukulwela umnqwazi wokwenza ilahleko" kunye "nokulwela ukuveliswa konyaka 5,000 5-toni iilori”.

Ngenkxaso yamandla kaHubei, ngo-1978, iNo.2 Automobile Company yasungula ngokusesikweni idabi elinzima lokuguqula ilahleko ibe yinzuzo ngale moto.Ngo-Epreli 1978 kuphela, yavelisa imodeli ye-420 EQ140, ivelisa izithuthi ezingama-5,120 unyaka wonke, kunye nokuveliswa kwezithuthi ezingama-3,120 kunyaka wonke.Endaweni yokuguqula ilahleko ecwangcisiweyo ibe yinyani, iguqule ngaphezulu kwe-1.31 yezigidi zeeyuan kurhulumente kwaye yajika ilahleko yaba yinzuzo ngendlela ejikelezayo.Wadala ummangaliso ngelo xesha.

NgoJulayi, ngo-1980, xa uDeng Xiaoping wayehlola iNkampani yeemoto zeSibini, wathi, "Kulungile ukuba ubeke ingqalelo kwiimoto zomkhosi, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngokusisiseko, sisafuna ukuphuhlisa iimveliso zabantu."Esi sigwebo asikho nje ukuqinisekiswa kwesikhokelo sophuhliso lwangaphambili lwe-No.2 Automobile Company, kodwa kunye nokucaciswa komgaqo-nkqubo osisiseko "wokusuka emkhosini ukuya kuluntu".Ukusukela ngoko, iNkampani ye-Automobile enguNombolo yesi-2 iye yalwandisa utyalo-mali lwayo kwizithuthi zoluntu kwaye yandisa amandla okuvelisa izithuthi zabantu ukuya kutsho kwi-90% yomthamo wemveliso iyonke.

Ngaloo nyaka, uqoqosho lwelizwe lwangena kwixesha lohlengahlengiso, kwaye iNkampani ye-Automobile ye-No.2 yabhalwa njengeprojekthi "emisiweyo okanye ibambezelekile" yiBhunga likaRhulumente.Bejongene nemeko emaxongo, abathathi-zigqibo beNo.2 Automobile Company babeke ingxelo “yokuphila ngokwamandla ethu, ukunyusa imali ngokwethu, nokuqhubeka nokwakha iNkampani yeemoto enguNombolo 2” kurhulumente, eyavunywayo."Ukulunyulwa kwelizwe kunye nophuhliso olukhaliphileyo lwamashishini luphindwe ka-10 kunye namaxesha aphindwe ka-100 kunolwakhiwo lwamanyathelo ngamanyathelo phantsi kwenkqubo yezoqoqosho ecetywayo, eye yakhulula ngokwenene amandla okuvelisa, yakhuthaza uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lweSibini. Inkampani yeemoto kwaye yenza igalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso loqoqosho lwelizwe.U-Huang Zhengxia, owayengumlawuli weNkampani yeemoto zeSibini, wabhala kwiinkumbulo zakhe.

Nangona i-No.2 Automobile Company iqhubekile nokwenza izinto ezintsha ngokwesiseko se-EQ240 kunye neemodeli ze-EQ140, ubume bemveliso yeshishini leemoto lasekhaya laseTshayina lalingekho semgangathweni ngelo xesha."Ukungabikho kobunzima kunye nobunzima obulula, phantse imoto engenanto" yayiyingxaki engxamisekileyo kubenzi beemoto ezinkulu ngelo xesha.Ngoko ke, kwisicwangciso sophuhliso lwemveliso ye-1981-1985, iNkampani ye-Automobile ye-No.2 yaphinda yabeka isicwangciso sokuphuhlisa iloli ye-diesel ye-flathead, ukuze kuzaliswe isithuba "sokungabikho kobunzima" e-China.

Ukuze ucuthe ixesha lokuphucula imveliso, kunye nokujongana nohlaziyo lwasekhaya kunye nokuvula indawo ngelo xesha, iNkampani yesiBini yeemoto yagqiba ekubeni ifunde kumava obugcisa angaphandle ukugqiba uphando kunye nophuhliso lwale ntloko-ntloko. ilori enzima.Emva kweminyaka eliqela yophando kunye nophuculo, imoto entsha yedizili eneetoni ezisi-8 entloko yaqengqeleka kancinane yaphuma kumgca wokudityaniswa ngo-1990. Le moto ibizwa ngokuba yi-EQ153.Ngelo xesha, abantu bathethe kakhulu ngale EQ153 ngenkangeleko entle kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo, kwaye "ukuqhuba iinkuni ezisicaba ezisibhozo kunye nokwenza imali" yayibonisa iminqweno yokwenene yoninzi lwabanini beemoto ngelo xesha.

Ukongeza, amandla eNo.2 Automobile Co., Ltd. nawo aphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza ngeli xesha.NgoMeyi ka-1985, iimoto ze-Dongfeng ezingama-300,000 zaqengqeleka kumgca wendibano.Ngelo xesha, iimoto eziveliswe nguNo.2 Automobile Co., Ltd. zenza enye yesibhozo yobunini beemoto zelizwe.Kwiminyaka nje emibini emva koko, iNo.2 Automobile Co., Ltd. yangenisa iimoto ezingama-500,000 zaqengqeleka zaphuma kumgca wokudityaniswa kwaze kwaphunyezwa ngempumelelo imveliso yonyaka ye-100,000 yezithuthi, ibekwe phakathi kwamashishini anemveliso enkulu yonyaka yeelori ezinobungakanani obuphakathi ihlabathi.

Phambi kokuba iNkampani yeeMoto zeSibini ithiywe ngokusemthethweni igama elithi “Dongfeng Motor Company”, ubunkokeli ngelo xesha bacebisa ukuba ukwakhiwa kwelori “yayiyinqanaba lesikolo samabanga aphantsi” kwaye ukwakhiwa kweemoto “yayikwinqanaba leyunivesithi”.Ukuba ufuna ukomelela kwaye ube mkhulu, kufuneka wakhe imoto encinci.Ngelo xesha, kwimarike yeemoto zasekhaya, i-Shanghai Volkswagen yayisele inkulu kakhulu, kwaye iNkampani yesiBini yeemoto yathatha eli thuba kwaye yabeka phambili isicwangciso sophuhliso lwemoto edibeneyo.

Ngo-1986, ngoko ke iNo.2 Automobile Company yangenisa ngokusesikweni kwiBhunga leSizwe iNgxelo yoMsebenzi wokuQala wokuPhuhlisa iiMoto eziQhelekileyo kwi-No.2 Automobile Factory.Ngenkxaso emandla yamaqela afanelekileyo, iinkokeli zeKomishoni yezoQoqosho kaRhulumente, iKomishoni yoCwangciso, iKhomishini kaMatshini kunye namanye amasebe aye kwiNkomfa yaseBeidaihe ngowe-1987.Kanye emva kwentlanganiso, urhulumente ophakathi uvumelene ngokusesikweni nomgaqo-nkqubo wobuchule “wophuhliso oludibeneyo, intsebenziswano yokuseka iifektri, ukuqhelaniswa nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kunye nokutshintshwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe” obekwe phambili yiNkampani yeemoto zeSibini.

Emva kokuba isicwangciso sokubambisana sivunyiwe ngurhulumente ophakathi, iNkampani ye-Automobile yeNo.2 yakhawuleza yenza utshintshiselwano olubanzi lwamazwe ngamazwe kwaye yaqala ukufuna amaqabane.Ebudeni bowe-1987-1989, iNkampani yezeMoto yeSibini ngoko yangena kuthethathethwano lwentsebenziswano engama-78 neenkampani zeenqwelo-mafutha zamazwe angaphandle ezili-14, yaza yathumela abathunywa abali-11 ukuba batyelele, yaza yafumana abathunywa abangama-48 ukuba batyelele baze batshintshiselane kulo mzi-mveliso.Ekugqibeleni, iCitroen Automobile Company yaseFransi yakhethwa ngentsebenziswano.

Kwinkulungwane yama-21, i-Dongfeng yangenisa uvuthondaba lolwakhiwo lwelinge elidibeneyo.Ngo-2002, i-Dongfeng Motor Company yatyikitya isivumelwano sentsebenziswano kunye ne-PSA Group yaseFransi ukwandisa intsebenziswano, kwaye umxholo ophambili weli shishini lidibeneyo kukwazisa uphawu lwe-Peugeot e-China ngendlela ejikelezayo.Emva kokubambisana, igama lenkampani yi-Dongfeng Peugeot.Ngo-2003, iNkampani yeeMoto i-Dongfeng yafumana ulungelelwaniso lwendibaniselwano kwakhona.I-Dongfeng Motor Company ekugqibeleni yafikelela kwisivumelwano kunye neNkampani ye-Nissan Motor ukuseka i-Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. ngohlobo lwe-50% yotyalo-mali.Emva koko, iDongfeng Motor Company yaseka uqhagamshelwano neHonda Motor Company.Emva kokubonisana, amaqela amabini ngalinye lityale i-50% ukuseka i-Dongfeng Honda Motor Company.Kwiminyaka nje emibini, iDongfeng Motor Company yatyikitya isivumelwano sokusebenzisana kunye neenkampani ezintathu zeemoto eFrance naseJapan.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iDongfeng Motor Company yenze uluhlu lweemveliso ezisekwe kwiilori eziphakathi, iilori ezinzima kunye neemoto.Kuyo yonke imbali yophuhliso lweminyaka engama-50 yohlobo lwe-Dongfeng, amathuba kunye nemiceli mngeni ibisoloko ihamba nabantu baseDongfeng.Ukusuka kubunzima bokwakha iifektri ekuqaleni ukuya kubunzima bokuqamba okuzimeleyo ngoku, abantu baseDongfeng baye badlula kwindlela enameva ngesibindi sokutshintsha nokunyamezela.

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